Judith
02-09-2018, 04:44 PM
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03014460.2017.1416909 posted by Rozenfield in New DNA papers (thanks again)
The genetic landscape of Mediterranean North African populations through complete mtDNA sequences
From a wider perspective, in their paper “The genetic landscape of Mediterranean North African populations through complete mtDNA sequences”, Font-Porterias et al. (2018 Font-Porterias N, Solé-Morata N, Serra-Vidal G, Bekada A, Fadhlaoui-Zid K, Zalloua P, Calafell F, Comas D. 2018. The genetic landscape of Mediterranean North African populations through complete mtDNA sequences. Ann Hum Biol 45:98–104.[Taylor & Francis Online], [Google Scholar]) report new complete mitogenome sequences of North-African individuals that are highly homogeneous and geographically well distributed in the whole North-African region, i.e. Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Egypt. These sequences were analysed together with whole mitochondrial sequences from the same area reported in literature. The identified haplogroups (groups of sequences which share an identical set of mutations derived from a common ancestor) and the phylogenetic analysis performed underline the great genetic heterogeneity of the North-African populations due to their complex demographic histories and migrations out of Africa and back which involved population movements from the Near and Middle East, South-Sahara and Western Europe. In the complex, the great majority of North-African haplotypes (70%) belong to H, HV, R0, J, T, U and W haplogroups of Eurasian origin which were very likely introduced from Western Eurasia during the Paleolithic and the Neolithic; 20% are of South-Saharan origin (L) attributed to the recent Arabic slave trade, starting in the 7th century CE and characterised by trans-Saharan migrations; and the remaining 10% are rightly assigned to U6 and M1 haplogroups, considered North-African autochthonous and present in the region since Palaeolithic times. These results confirm previous data on North-African populations. The thorough analysis carried out on the available complete mtDNA sequences led to the identification of a novel mtDNA sub-haplogroup named H1v2, which originated approximately 4000 years ago through the dispersal of the Eurasian haplogroup, and could never have been detected based on the classical sequence of the hypervariable segment I (HVS-I). This sub-branch belongs to H1 haplogroup, the most frequent in Western Europe, which shows a clinal distribution east-westward. Its coalescence age is between 8000 and 9000 years in accordance with a dispersion from Iberia towards Africa during postglacial times. Afterwards, H1w, H1x and H1v subclades originated. The coalescence age estimation of the H1v sub-branch, comprising Berber sequences from Tunisia, Tuareg haplotypes from Libya, and the novel Mozabite mitochondrial lineage from Algeria, and possibly correlated to an ancient split of nomadic populations from North Africa, ranged from 1900 and 6100 years, in agreement with previous estimations.
This is from the editorial to a special eition and the full paper is http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03014460.2017.1413133?needAccess=true
The genetic landscape of Mediterranean North African populations through complete mtDNA sequences
From a wider perspective, in their paper “The genetic landscape of Mediterranean North African populations through complete mtDNA sequences”, Font-Porterias et al. (2018 Font-Porterias N, Solé-Morata N, Serra-Vidal G, Bekada A, Fadhlaoui-Zid K, Zalloua P, Calafell F, Comas D. 2018. The genetic landscape of Mediterranean North African populations through complete mtDNA sequences. Ann Hum Biol 45:98–104.[Taylor & Francis Online], [Google Scholar]) report new complete mitogenome sequences of North-African individuals that are highly homogeneous and geographically well distributed in the whole North-African region, i.e. Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Egypt. These sequences were analysed together with whole mitochondrial sequences from the same area reported in literature. The identified haplogroups (groups of sequences which share an identical set of mutations derived from a common ancestor) and the phylogenetic analysis performed underline the great genetic heterogeneity of the North-African populations due to their complex demographic histories and migrations out of Africa and back which involved population movements from the Near and Middle East, South-Sahara and Western Europe. In the complex, the great majority of North-African haplotypes (70%) belong to H, HV, R0, J, T, U and W haplogroups of Eurasian origin which were very likely introduced from Western Eurasia during the Paleolithic and the Neolithic; 20% are of South-Saharan origin (L) attributed to the recent Arabic slave trade, starting in the 7th century CE and characterised by trans-Saharan migrations; and the remaining 10% are rightly assigned to U6 and M1 haplogroups, considered North-African autochthonous and present in the region since Palaeolithic times. These results confirm previous data on North-African populations. The thorough analysis carried out on the available complete mtDNA sequences led to the identification of a novel mtDNA sub-haplogroup named H1v2, which originated approximately 4000 years ago through the dispersal of the Eurasian haplogroup, and could never have been detected based on the classical sequence of the hypervariable segment I (HVS-I). This sub-branch belongs to H1 haplogroup, the most frequent in Western Europe, which shows a clinal distribution east-westward. Its coalescence age is between 8000 and 9000 years in accordance with a dispersion from Iberia towards Africa during postglacial times. Afterwards, H1w, H1x and H1v subclades originated. The coalescence age estimation of the H1v sub-branch, comprising Berber sequences from Tunisia, Tuareg haplotypes from Libya, and the novel Mozabite mitochondrial lineage from Algeria, and possibly correlated to an ancient split of nomadic populations from North Africa, ranged from 1900 and 6100 years, in agreement with previous estimations.
This is from the editorial to a special eition and the full paper is http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03014460.2017.1413133?needAccess=true