Paternal lineage of the Berbers from Aurès in Algeria (April 2019)

[E_M81_I3A]

New study about Paternal lineage of the Berbers from Aurès in Algeria :

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30939942

Ann Hum Biol. 2019 Apr 2:1-30. doi: 10.1080/03014460.2019.1602166. [Epub ahead of print]
Paternal lineage of the Berbers from Aurès in Algeria: Estimate of their genetic variation.
Abdeli A1,2, Benhassine T1.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Aurès is a vast territory in the east of Algeria, characterised by its traditional Berber settlement which has preserved its language and its rich history; its name goes back to antiquity and before the Roman conquest it was part of the territory of ancient Numidia. The Chaoui people in this region are one of Algeria's largest Berber groups.

AIM:
Our aim was to investigate the level of genetic diversity of the Berbers of Aurès through the analysis of the paternal gene pool and to estimate the percentage of genetic variation among different geographical regions and linguistic groups from Algeria.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:
23 Y-STR were genotyped in a sample of 218 unrelated males of the Berbers of Aurès. Algorithms were used to estimate the Y-chromosome haplogroups. Genetic distance, non-metric MDS and AMOVA were used to analyse the genetic relationships between sample groups.

RESULTS:
The paternal lineage of our sample of the Aurès region did not exhibit strong signals of differentiation with other samples from North-central, Northwest, and South Algeria. However, significant differences were found within our sample, demonstrating a high degree of heterogeneity.

CONCLUSION:
Our results demonstrate that Aurès people are isolated and closed, but nevertheless have quite different genetic profiles.


If someone has access to the paper ...

[Shamayim]

Our study complies with the ethical rules of all the institutions involved, and has been approved by the Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire at the Faculté des Sciences Biologiques of USTHB, Algiers, and the Institut National de Criminalistique et de Criminologie de la Gendarmerie Nationale of Algiers. All the samples correspond to autochthonous people with their parents and all grandparents originating in this region. In addition, the data of Y-STRs of other Berber and Arab speaking groups in Algeria that have previously been published were used in the present study for comparative purposes, namely Oran (n = 102) (Robino et al. 2008), Mozabites from Ghardaïa (n = 20) (Vermeulen et al. 2009), Algiers (n = 26), Oran (n = 78), Reguibate from Tindouf (n = 54), and Zenata from Gourara (Timimoun) (n = 34) (Bekada et al. 2015). The samples are presented with their respective geographic locations in Figure 1.


Pairwise genetic distances Rst and associated p-values calculated between the paternal gene pool of the Aurès sample (northeast Algeria sample’s) and six (6) other Algerian samples (Arab and Berber groups) are shown in Supplementary Table 4. Population pairwise comparisons showed significant genetic differences between the males of the Aurès and all the other male samples from Algeria. The largest coefficient of genetic differentiation (Rst) was noted with the Zenata samples from Gourara/Timimoun (Rst = 0.097) followed by the sample from Oran (Oran 2) (Rst = 0.095), whereas the smallest coefficient was that of the sample from Algiers (Rst = 0.053). When using the sequential Bonferroni correction for type I errors, the differences with the samples from Ghardaïa (Mozabite) and Algiers (p = 0.04, p = 0.01, respectively) became statistically insignificant (p = 0.28, p = 0.12). Also, no significant differences were observed between the samples of Zenata from Timimoun and the Mozabites from Ghardaïa.



The smallest Rst values were observed for male populations from North Africa, namely Morroco2 ((Rst = 0.074), individuals resident in Casablanca), followed by Tunisia (Rst = 0.102) and Egypt (Rst = 0.105). The largest Rst value was observed for the sample of Nigeria (Rst = 0.692), which was also found to be distant from all the other populations. For Sub-Saharan Africa, the smallest Rst value (Rst = 0.107, p = 0.0000) was noticed for Ethiopia. The corresponding p-values showed that the differences between our sample and the 28 populations compared were all significant (p = 0.0000), even for the closest countries such as Spain (Rst = 0.311, p = 0.0000), France (Rst = 0.300, p = 0.0000) and Italy (Rst = 0.183, p = 0.0000). These findings were in accordance with the MDS (Figure 3).


Regarding the comparative study carried out by pairwise genetic distance based on data from 14 Y-STR, it is worth noting that the results of this section show a similarity between the paternal gene pool of the samples taken from the Aurès and Ghardaïa regions on one hand, and between Aurès and Algiers regions on the other hand. The similarity with the Ghardaïa sample might be explained by the presence of some tribes of Zenata in this region, as they had lived in the Aurès since a very remote period (de Slane 1856). With respect to the similarity with the sample of Algiers, it is important to mention that this city has undergone exponential demographic growth since the independence of the country, particularly because of migration waves of other regions of the country towards the city.




https://i.imgur.com/XwV5REf.png
https://i.imgur.com/5NKXEOL.png
https://i.imgur.com/2czKyaj.png

[Shamayim]

A thing worthy of note is that the inhabitants of Casablanca are the population (outside of Algeria) the closest to Shawiya. According to ancient historians, Anfa was founded by Zenata tribesmen, this study pretty much confirmed it.

[FreeAmin]

Bonjour "E_M81_I3A" Voici l'étude https://www.docdroid.net/yZf2bvv/101080-at-0301446020191602166.pdf

Et un graphique trouvé sur facebook
30083

[palamede]

Bonjour "E_M81_I3A" Voici l'étude https://www.docdroid.net/yZf2bvv/101080-at-0301446020191602166.pdf

Et un graphique trouvé sur facebook
30083

Do you have any idea about the sub-branches of the 21% of E-M78* ? . E_V65 ?

E-M78 = 21 % E-M78* + 1% E-M78 (?) + 0% E-V12 + 1% E-V13 + 11% E-V22 = 35%

[FreeAmin]

Unfortunately, no idea.

[Squad]

Does someone have access to the supplementary info, I need to look at the haplotypes

[Squad]

Still nothing???