North Norwegian Hunter-Gatherer on GEDmatch

[Tomenable]

Hunter-gatherer stg001 from Steigen, Norway, years 4000-3800 BC:

https://umap.openstreetmap.fr/en/map...7.8092/14.7035

I have uploaded him to GEDmatch Genesis: kit number KG5281659

mtDNA: U5a1d
Y-DNA: I2a1b

Eurogenes K15 results:

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 34.27
2 Baltic 31.01
3 Eastern_Euro 30.34
4 Amerindian 4.31
5 Atlantic 0.07

Single Population Sharing:

# Population (source) Distance
1 Estonian 18.2
2 Erzya 19.21
3 Kargopol_Russian 20.09
4 East_Finnish 20.36
5 Lithuanian 20.88
6 Ukrainian 21.13
7 Southwest_Russian 21.24
8 Finnish 21.29
9 Ukrainian_Belgorod 21.86
10 Ukrainian_Lviv 22.03
11 Belorussian 22.13
12 Estonian_Polish 22.34
13 Polish 22.47
14 South_Polish 23.06
15 Russian_Smolensk 23.69
16 Southwest_Finnish 24.35
17 North_Swedish 26.55
18 Hungarian 27.61
19 Moldavian 27.64
20 La_Brana-1 27.71

Mixed Mode Population Sharing:

# Primary Population (source) Secondary Population (source) Distance
1 61.3% Estonian + 38.7% Erzya @ 17.5
2 91.5% Estonian + 8.5% MA-1 @ 17.7
3 87.1% Estonian + 12.9% Chuvash @ 17.79
4 91.1% Estonian + 8.9% Mari @ 17.91
5 97.8% Estonian + 2.2% Karitiana @ 17.99
6 97.7% Estonian + 2.3% Anzick-1 @ 18
7 97.7% Estonian + 2.3% Pima @ 18.01
8 97.7% Estonian + 2.3% Mayan @ 18.03
9 98.1% Estonian + 1.9% North_Amerindian @ 18.11
10 85% Estonian + 15% Kargopol_Russian @ 18.14
11 99.3% Estonian + 0.7% West_Greenlander @ 18.19
12 96.6% Estonian + 3.4% East_Finnish @ 18.2
13 99.5% Estonian + 0.5% Tabassaran @ 18.2
14 100% Estonian + 0% Abhkasian @ 18.2
15 100% Estonian + 0% Adygei @ 18.2
16 100% Estonian + 0% Afghan_Hazara @ 18.2
17 100% Estonian + 0% Afghan_Pashtun @ 18.2
18 100% Estonian + 0% Afghan_Tadjik @ 18.2
19 100% Estonian + 0% Afghan_Turkmen @ 18.2
20 100% Estonian + 0% Afghan_Uzbeki @ 18.2

Eurogenes K36:

114025 SNPs used in this evaluation

Population
Amerindian 2.32 Pct
Arabian -
Armenian -
Basque -
Central_African -
Central_Euro -
East_African -
East_Asian -
East_Balkan -
East_Central_Asian -
East_Central_Euro 21.36 Pct
East_Med -
Eastern_Euro 23.67 Pct
Fennoscandian 33.75 Pct
French -
Iberian -
Indo-Chinese -
Italian -
Malayan -
Near_Eastern -
North_African -
North_Atlantic 7.09 Pct
North_Caucasian -
North_Sea 8.94 Pct
Northeast_African -
Oceanian -
Omotic -
Pygmy -
Siberian -
South_Asian -
South_Central_Asian -
South_Chinese -
Volga-Ural 2.88 Pct
West_African -
West_Caucasian -
West_Med -

Similarity Map:



Edit:

Location of Steigen within Nordland County:



=====

Edit:

BTW when modeled in ADMIXTURE modern Norwegians show a significant amount of Polish-like DNA, maybe a Steigen connection?:

https://static-content.springer.com/...MOESM1_ESM.pdf



=====

Edit:

Official PCA from the study in which stg001 was published, also confirms its "Estonian-ness":

https://journals.plos.org/plosbiolog...l.pbio.2003703

https://journals.plos.org/plosbiolog...=supplementary



^^^
This PCA shows that Norwegian hunter-gatherers were different than Swedish hunter-gatherers.

[Tomenable]

So the Pre-Indo-European substrate in Scandinavia were basically Estonians. But his Y-DNA haplogroup was I2a1b.

I2a1b, which is common among Slavs, was probably also assimilated by them from Estonian-like hunter-gatherers:

http://blog.vayda.pl/i2a-dinaric-subclade-y3120/

 

[Tomenable]

Steigen hunter-gatherer's results in some other calculators:

Dodecad V3:

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 West_European 58.23
2 East_European 37.33
3 Northeast_Asian 4.01
4 Palaeo_African 0.24
5 Neo_African 0.09
6 Mediterranean 0.09

Single Population Sharing:

# Population (source) Distance
1 Finnish (Dodecad) 8.3
2 FIN (1000Genomes) 10.44
3 Swedish (Dodecad) 26.92
4 Russian (HGDP) 27
5 Polish (Dodecad) 27.48
6 Russian (Dodecad) 27.6
7 Mixed_Slav (Dodecad) 27.99
8 German (Dodecad) 28.7
9 Norwegian (Dodecad) 30.46
10 Lithuanians (Behar) 30.93
11 Slovenian (Xing) 31.67
12 Hungarians (Behar) 32.56
13 Lithuanian (Dodecad) 32.69
14 Argyll (1000 Genomes) 32.71
15 N._European (Xing) 32.97
16 Orkney (1000 Genomes) 33.45
17 Orcadian (HGDP) 33.67
18 CEU (HapMap) 34.37
19 Belorussian (Behar) 34.49
20 Mixed_Germanic (Dodecad) 36.38

Mixed Mode Population Sharing:

# Primary Population (source) Secondary Population (source) Distance
1 87.7% Finnish (Dodecad) + 12.3% Norwegian (Dodecad) @ 7.2
2 86.3% Finnish (Dodecad) + 13.7% Swedish (Dodecad) @ 7.21
3 66.9% Finnish (Dodecad) + 33.1% FIN (1000Genomes) @ 7.49
4 92.1% Finnish (Dodecad) + 7.9% Irish (Dodecad) @ 7.63
5 93% Finnish (Dodecad) + 7% British_Isles (Dodecad) @ 7.81
6 93.4% Finnish (Dodecad) + 6.6% Cornwall (1000 Genomes) @ 7.84
7 93.3% Finnish (Dodecad) + 6.7% British (Dodecad) @ 7.84
8 93.9% Finnish (Dodecad) + 6.1% Kent (1000 Genomes) @ 7.93
9 94.6% Finnish (Dodecad) + 5.4% Dutch (Dodecad) @ 8.03
10 94.8% Finnish (Dodecad) + 5.2% Mixed_Germanic (Dodecad) @ 8.07
11 96.4% Finnish (Dodecad) + 3.6% Orkney (1000 Genomes) @ 8.22
12 96.7% Finnish (Dodecad) + 3.3% Orcadian (HGDP) @ 8.23
13 96.8% Finnish (Dodecad) + 3.2% Argyll (1000 Genomes) @ 8.23
14 97.6% Finnish (Dodecad) + 2.4% N._European (Xing) @ 8.26
15 98.3% Finnish (Dodecad) + 1.7% CEU (HapMap) @ 8.28
16 98.3% Finnish (Dodecad) + 1.7% German (Dodecad) @ 8.29
17 100% Finnish (Dodecad) + 0% Adygei (HGDP) @ 8.3
18 100% Finnish (Dodecad) + 0% Altai (Rasmussen) @ 8.3
19 100% Finnish (Dodecad) + 0% Armenian (Dodecad) @ 8.3
20 100% Finnish (Dodecad) + 0% Armenians_16 (Behar) @ 8.3

Eurogenes Hunter_Gatherer vs. Farmer Admixture Proportions:

Population
Anatolian Farmer -
Baltic Hunter Gatherer 94.03 Pct
Middle Eastern Herder -
East Asian Farmer -
South American Hunter Gatherer 4.75 Pct
South Asian Hunter Gatherer -
North Eurasian Hunter Gatherer 1.22 Pct
East African Pastoralist -
Oceanian Hunter Gatherer -
Mediterranean Farmer -
Pygmy Hunter Gatherer -
Bantu Farmer -

He was part of the population which later the Sagas called Kvens.

Is this sample in Global25 spreadsheet ???

[Tomenable]

If this guy is in Global25, someone should try to use him in models as a proxy for Pre-Indo-European substrate of Balts and Slavs.

It has been noticed before that "something is missing" in G25 models for Balto-Slavs involving Steppe, Neolithic, etc. admixtures.

Look how much of Balto-Slavic specific drift - represented by East_Central_Euro in K36 and Baltic in K13/K15 - Steigen apparently had.

[anglesqueville]

Tomenable, do you have a PLINK or EIGENSTRAT file for this individual? The BAM is more than 2Gb, I started the download process but I doubt it will succeed.

[Finn]

If this guy is in Global25, someone should try to use him in models as a proxy for Pre-Indo-European substrate of Balts and Slavs.

It has been noticed before that "something is missing" in G25 models for Balto-Slavs involving Steppe, Neolithic, etc. admixtures.

Look how much of Balto-Slavic specific drift - represented by East_Central_Euro in K36 and Baltic in K13/K15 - Steigen apparently had.

Thanks Tomenable, intresting woould be nice if someone could upload him in G25 (generalissimo???).

I'm curios if this explains my 'Balto-Slavic' genetic touch....

[ph2ter]

If this guy is in Global25, someone should try to use him in models as a proxy for Pre-Indo-European substrate of Balts and Slavs.

It has been noticed before that "something is missing" in G25 models for Balto-Slavs involving Steppe, Neolithic, etc. admixtures.

Look how much of Balto-Slavic specific drift - represented by East_Central_Euro in K36 and Baltic in K13/K15 - Steigen apparently had.

He is not in G25 set. And I don't think that he is much different than all other hunter gatherers which we have in G25 like for example Narva samples.
I2a1b is originaly from European Hunters like Loschbour, Motala and this Steigen, which later mixed with European Farmers. Today it is present mainly among Slavs as one of the major groups, but it is present also on Isles (Ireland and Great Britain) from Neolithic to this day.

And today it is called I2a1a2.

His K15 plot position:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/ytfzcmi2bi...eigen.png?dl=0

[Finn]

If this guy is in Global25, someone should try to use him in models as a proxy for Pre-Indo-European substrate of Balts and Slavs.

It has been noticed before that "something is missing" in G25 models for Balto-Slavs involving Steppe, Neolithic, etc. admixtures.

Look how much of Balto-Slavic specific drift - represented by East_Central_Euro in K36 and Baltic in K13/K15 - Steigen apparently had.

This connection Tomenable?

The Ertebølle culture is of a general type called Late Mesolithic, of which other examples can be found in Swifterbant culture, Zedmar culture, Narva culture and in Russia. Some would include the Nøstvet culture and Lihult culture to the north as well. The various locations seem fragmented and isolated, but that characteristic may be an accident of discovery. Perhaps if all the submarine sites were known, a continuous coastal culture would appear from the Netherlands to the lakes of Russia, but this has yet to be demonstrated.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erteb%C3%B8lle_culture

[ph2ter]

K36:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/yx5yca5pem...eigen.png?dl=0

[Finn]

He is not in G25 set. And I don't think that he is much different than all other hunter gatherers which we have in G25 like for example Narva samples.
I2a1b is originaly from European Hunters like Loschbour, Motala and this Steigen, which later mixed with European Farmers. Today it is present mainly among Slavs as one of the major groups, but it is present also on Isles (Ireland and Great Britain) from Neolithic to this day.

And today it is called I2a1a2.

His K15 plot position:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/ytfzcmi2bi...eigen.png?dl=0

If I'm well until know we have no sample from outmost NNW HG cultures.....he has a a pretty high North Sea (k15) and West European (V3), still is very obvious Baltic like.

May be indeed a linking pin NNW and NNE European (Ertebolle like) in the old HG, somewhat differentiated from Loschbour? Or????