I have never seen models done on Sudanese Arabs and have made many attempts myself at modelling them using my own samples but it is admittedly a very difficult task considering the frustrating amount of fluctuations between different Sudanese Arab samples and what samples they prefer in their model.
I found that some Sudanese Arabs prefer Levant_Ashkelon-like samples over Natufian or ISRC for their Pre-Arab Eurasian but have difficulties trying to find a sample to use for their Peninsular Arab Ancestry. Some Sudanese Arabs also seem to carry some Ancient North African, whilst others have none. All the Bedouin samples have significant SSA which means SSA values in Sudanese Arabs would be extremely underrepresented than what they actually are. Sudanese Arabs are also very diverse with many different origins ranging from Nubian, Central Sahelian, Cushitic or Non-Nubian Eastern Sudanic. This just adds to the complications of trying to find the correct SSA samples to use for them. Dinka whilst an OK proxy for AEA, just doesn't do the job for a super accurate model especially when you consider how much West African is present. Other Nilotic groups follow closely in that they are not effective representatives of AEA. For some Sudanese Arabs Dinka does the job however because tribes like the Messiria Arabs do not have SSA that is entirely AEA and they are loaded with Non-AEA showing some West African/Chadic affinities.
I've also tried to make oversimplified models to get a general gist of what the SSA:Non-SSA looks like and I always find my results skewing from what papers cite. I usually use a range of different Levantine samples to pick out any Non-SSA and use Dinka as the sole SSA as well as Esan or Yoruba for additional West African. The study in which the samples I used are obtained from, cites around 18-20% for the Mesirria specifically, and a range of 40-48 (Eurasian) for the other North-eastern samples. My results always show Non-SSA overpowering SSA in river-based Sudanese Arabs by a significant degree, around 60:40 Eurasian:SSA (which is totally the opposite to the values obtained in the study putting river-based Sudanese Arabs as autosomally similar to Somalis in a range that can allude to an average of 55% SSA). This is the study in question:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5587336/
I also found that these blogs here that look into the Genetic structure of Sudanese Arabs, (while not totally professional) show quite promising evidence for a West/Central African component present in all Sudanese Arabs that is non-existent in neighboring Cushitic speakers. The blog also mentions Nubians carrying this West/Central African component and someone in the comments attributes it to (what I'm assuming to mean) a possible Nilo-Saharan migration back into the Nile valley after expanding west?
http://anthromadness.blogspot.com/20...-beja-and.html
http://anthromadness.blogspot.com/20...made-from.html
I'm a newbie on all of this big time. I'd appreciate all the sources, responses, and insight I can get.
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Originally Posted by drobbah
