Genetic Genealogy & Ancient DNA in the News (DISCUSSION ONLY)

[ika1982]

Thank you very much! Very interesting samples.


lib-40al,20.52,21.4,0.12,34.96,7.77,2.2,5.54,0,4.34,1. 85,0.21,0.1,0.99
lib7al,6.16,7.29,6.51,53.34,24.09,0,0.07,0,0,0,0,2 .53,0.01
lib11al-mm2,10.13,11.48,11.35,44.57,17.99,0,0.22,0.88,0,2. 16,0.47,0,0.74
lib9al-mm2,5.9,17.09,8.26,52.24,13.91,0.01,0.01,0.95,0.01 ,1.38,0,0.13,0.1
lib2nal,21.9,14.18,11.27,24.71,20.82,2.45,1.55,0,1 .45,0.17,0,0.79,0.71

Is it useful this simulator ?
https://allelocator.ovh/simulatedg25.html

lib40al,0.114025,0.096909,0.005810,0.028428,-0.025672,0.015096,0.011649,0.002720,-0.037921,-0.031415,-0.003781,-0.000023,-0.001580,-0.004694,0.010894,0.006616,-0.005155,0.001548,0.001722,-0.003152,-0.000758,0.000993,0.000167,0.000252,-0.000916
lib7al,0.107912,0.148627,-0.042205,-0.038012,-0.041488,-0.002889,0.012934,-0.005416,-0.058455,-0.032249,-0.006441,0.005083,-0.009917,-0.006540,0.012139,0.006460,-0.001735,0.000156,-0.000973,-0.009073,-0.002941,-0.003130,0.001236,-0.005558,-0.000167
lib11almm2,0.117159,0.133676,-0.019425,-0.018800,-0.023990,-0.000137,0.003879,-0.008623,-0.050365,-0.021983,-0.003886,0.004866,-0.009570,-0.005373,0.008678,0.004491,-0.000511,-0.000771,-0.002048,-0.008101,-0.003115,-0.003243,0.001495,-0.006289,-0.000108
lib9almm2,0.124801,0.135200,-0.018849,-0.011065,-0.032164,0.007754,0.010471,-0.005936,-0.064428,-0.038180,-0.002357,0.004108,-0.008387,-0.004049,0.008264,0.004998,0.000488,-0.000997,-0.002217,-0.009725,-0.004950,-0.003217,0.002327,-0.007964,-0.000610
lib2nal,0.114956,0.142167,0.002909,-0.010821,-0.001329,0.001120,0.005145,0.002257,-0.016286,-0.006600,-0.001222,0.001102,-0.002149,-0.004248,0.007110,0.003735,-0.003377,-0.000123,-0.000842,-0.002235,-0.000298,-0.000551,0.000370,-0.000739,-0.000400

[Gordius]

Is it useful this simulator ?
https://allelocator.ovh/simulatedg25.html

lib40al,0.114025,0.096909,0.005810,0.028428,-0.025672,0.015096,0.011649,0.002720,-0.037921,-0.031415,-0.003781,-0.000023,-0.001580,-0.004694,0.010894,0.006616,-0.005155,0.001548,0.001722,-0.003152,-0.000758,0.000993,0.000167,0.000252,-0.000916
lib7al,0.107912,0.148627,-0.042205,-0.038012,-0.041488,-0.002889,0.012934,-0.005416,-0.058455,-0.032249,-0.006441,0.005083,-0.009917,-0.006540,0.012139,0.006460,-0.001735,0.000156,-0.000973,-0.009073,-0.002941,-0.003130,0.001236,-0.005558,-0.000167
lib11almm2,0.117159,0.133676,-0.019425,-0.018800,-0.023990,-0.000137,0.003879,-0.008623,-0.050365,-0.021983,-0.003886,0.004866,-0.009570,-0.005373,0.008678,0.004491,-0.000511,-0.000771,-0.002048,-0.008101,-0.003115,-0.003243,0.001495,-0.006289,-0.000108
lib9almm2,0.124801,0.135200,-0.018849,-0.011065,-0.032164,0.007754,0.010471,-0.005936,-0.064428,-0.038180,-0.002357,0.004108,-0.008387,-0.004049,0.008264,0.004998,0.000488,-0.000997,-0.002217,-0.009725,-0.004950,-0.003217,0.002327,-0.007964,-0.000610
lib2nal,0.114956,0.142167,0.002909,-0.010821,-0.001329,0.001120,0.005145,0.002257,-0.016286,-0.006600,-0.001222,0.001102,-0.002149,-0.004248,0.007110,0.003735,-0.003377,-0.000123,-0.000842,-0.002235,-0.000298,-0.000551,0.000370,-0.000739,-0.000400

I don’t think that it will correspond with the real G25 with an accuracy of one hundred percent, but for coordination between different coordinate systems it can do. In this case, it worked out. But you need to check on other samples, as there may be hidden pitfalls.

[ika1982]

I don’t think that it will correspond with the real G25 with an accuracy of one hundred percent, but for coordination between different coordinate systems it can do. In this case, it worked out. But you need to check on other samples, as there may be hidden pitfalls.

examples:

Distance to: lib2nal
0.04358398 Rumelia_East
0.04361686 Gagauz
0.04381947 Greek_West_Taygetos
0.04710168 Greek_Thessaly
0.04714414 Greek_Macedonia
0.04761395 Greek_East_Taygetos
0.04821162 Ukrainian_Zhytomyr_o
0.04826030 Greek_Elis
0.04867654 Greek_Messenia
0.04925595 Greek_Central_Macedonia


Distance to: lib9almm2
0.04332296 Karata
0.04362385 Bagvalin_o
0.04412695 Hunzib
0.04476576 Hinukh
0.04485779 Tsez_A
0.04578759 Bagvalin
0.04729267 Ratlub
0.04751353 Tabasaran
0.04881385 Kaitag
0.04904369 Georgian_Tush


Distance to: lib11almm2
0.04074807 Karata
0.04204017 Georgian_Tush
0.04349170 Bagvalin_o
0.04491481 Georgian_Khevs
0.04578563 Andian_A
0.04684397 Tat_Dagestan_Dzhalgan
0.05029176 Chechen
0.05126720 Udi
0.05139994 Tabasaran
0.05148559 Hinukh


Distance to: lib7al
0.04197579 Andian_A
0.04548321 Armenian_Artsakh
0.04562806 Georgian_Khevs
0.04660950 Georgian_Tush
0.04686805 Georgian_Kakh
0.04703043 Udi
0.04739881 Georgian_Kart
0.04815164 Georgian_Javakheti
0.04938252 Georgian_NorthEast
0.04982197 Hinukh


Distance to: lib40al
0.04741756 Kaitag
0.04870584 Andian_B
0.04935950 Avar
0.04978895 Tabasaran
0.04993657 Akhvakh
0.05061814 Lezgin
0.05081627 Lak
0.05151418 Darginian
0.05463501 Ratlub
0.05519808 Bagvalin

[Waldemar]

BAMs are now available - https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/view/PRJEB47418

[G-Man]

Lib11al Zayukovo-3, Kabardino-Balkaria VI-V BC R-Y131908 ?

There are negative SNPs at ancestral levels

R-L52: S1164-

R-L151: L11-

This Koban man hardly belongs to branch R-Y131908.

Moreover, he has positive Y12538 (20 reads). This is a more expected result, since R1b-Z2103 has been present in the Caucasus since the Bronze Age

[Riverman]

There are negative SNPs at ancestral levels

R-L52: S1164-

R-L151: L11-

This Koban man hardly belongs to branch R-Y131908.

Moreover, he has positive Y12538 (20 reads). This is a more expected result, since R1b-Z2103 has been present in the Caucasus since the Bronze Age

And seems to have been present in Cimmerians of more Western regions too IIRC.

[rozenfeld]

https://boris.unibe.ch/174963/

https://boris.unibe.ch/174963/1/Work...ts.cleaned.pdf

Cultural transfer, mobility and networks: Osteoarchaeological perspectives on socioeconomic changes in European Iron Age societies

Workshop, 16th/17th November 2022

Constance, Archaeological State Museum

JOSCHA GRETZINGER, ANGELA MÖTSCH, FELICITAS SCHMITT, MICHAEL FRANCKEN, GÜNTHER WIELAND, KATERINA HARVATI, WOLFRAM SCHIER, DIRK KRAUSSE, JOHANNES KRAUSE and STEPHAN SCHIFFELS:

Kinship and Social Hierarchy in early Celtic Communities

The European Iron Age is characterised by the two key archaeological cultures Hallstatt and La Tène in a large region to the north of the Alps, which are broadly associated with ‘Celts’. While this term does not serve as an accurate description or grouping of a homogenous people or ethnic group, it highlights the close connection between a specific archaeological horizon, hypothesised linguistic affiliations (Celtic languages), and historical sources. The pan-European patterns and linguistic evidence for cultural connections during this time are complex and encompass a huge region from the Iberian Peninsula throughout Central Europe and as far east as Anatolia (during the 3rd century BC).

However, during the earlier phase of the Iron Age (800 – 450 BC, Hallstatt C and D), a core region in Southwestern Germany and Eastern France, the ‘West-Hallstattkreis’, stands out in its archaeological importance, as highlighted by the emergence of rich and unprecedented ‘princely burials’. Up to the present-day, the identity of these buried elites and the system of rule they represented remain controversial. In particular, while for societies with writing systems hereditary leadership is documented as one of the hallmarks of early political complexity and governance, it is so far unknown whether hereditary succession played a role in the formation of the early Celtic society that lacked writing.

Here, we describe and analyse the first genome-wide data from Southwest Germany dating to the late Hallstatt period. The genetic profiles of more than 30 individuals from this early Celtic population in Germany reveal transregional familial relationships and mating patterns, allowing us to gain first insights into the nature and distribution of political power in Hallstatt period Europe.


CARMEN ESPOSITO, MELANIA GIGANTE, PASQUALE MIRANDA, CLAUDIO CAVAZZUTI, FEDERICO LUGLI, ALESSANDRA SPERDUTI, MARCO PACCIARELLI, FRANCESCO LA PASTINA, ELENA SCARSELLA, SIMON STODDART, RICHARD MADGWICK, PAULA REIMER, CAROLINE MALONE, LUCA BONDIOLI, WOLFGANG MÜLLER, GIOVANNA BAGNASCO, LUCIE BIEHLER, DAN BRADLEY, EMILY BRESLIN, CRISTINA CATTANEO, MATILDE MARZULLO, ROWAN MCLAUGHLIN, VALERIA MATTANGELI, ANGELA TRENTACOSTE, ALFREDO COPPA and LAURA MOTTA:

Exploring Mobility in early first millennium BC central Italy

The early first millennium of central Italy was an important phase of political change, involving extensive nucleation of population, otherwise considered the birth of the city. These political changes involved the extensive movement of population that has traditionally been registered through cultural analysis. One important question is the degree to which this nucleation drew on local or more distant populations. Another important question is the composition of these new populations. Very recently, a series of projects has commenced to look at this transformation from a complementary biological perspective, in centres across the Peninsula. These results, many presented at the recent Budapest EAA conference, show that considerable percentages of the buried populations had non-local origin from a biological perspective, measured by multi proxy combinations of aDNA, oxygen and strontium isotopes. We are recovering a biological diversity that is complementary to the hybridity measured in cultural terms.

The cultural research on these centres has a long-standing history. The results of the biological studies are at different stages in terms of sample size, construction of base lines and comparison between different sources of information. We will outline the current state of knowledge principally from two case studies. The study of Fermo is at a relatively advanced stage with a reasonable sample size and the more recent study of Tarquinia which is at an earlier stage of development. We will compare these results with the current understanding of the construction of identity for these communities and situate them within a broader Mediterranean framework by modelling both the agency and processes involved in social as well as biological anthropological terms.


STEFANIA ZINGALE, ZITA LAFFRANCHI, SANDRA LÖSCH, LUCIANO SALZANI, IRENE DORI, FELIX MÜLLER, ALICE PALADIN, VALENTINA COIA, FRANK MAIXNER, MARCO MILELLA & ALBERT ZINK:

“Celts” Up & Down the Alps: Origin and Mobility Patterns on Both Sides of the Alps During the Late Iron Age (4th – 1st century BCE)

The genetic history and the degree of mobility characterizing the “Celtic” population during the Late Iron Age (4th -1st century BCE) have become central topics in archaeology and anthropology. However, despite the steady increase of archaeological, biomolecular and biogeochemical studies on central European and British contexts, few data are available for the Northern Italian and Swiss territories. During the Late Iron Age the geographic areas corresponding to modern Switzerland and Northern Italy played a crucial role in connecting Central and Southern Europe. This connection involved not only forms of cultural transmission (e.g. diffusion of the La Tène material culture), but also the actual movement of people through the Alpine range. During the Late Iron Age the European area was affected by migrations of different human groups, with southward migratory processes documented historically and by archaeological traces in both Northern and Central Italy. Little is known however about the similarities and differences in genetic variability, mobility patterns, and social organization between the Late Iron Age populations distributed on the two sides of the Alpine range. The present project aims to address this issue, by means of a multidisciplinary (genetic, and isotopic) analysis of a large skeletal sample representing Late Iron Age populations of modern Switzerland and Northern Italy (Cenomani of Verona) between the 4th -1st centuries BCE. In particular, the present project aims to: 1) reconstruct the genetic history and variation of the “Celtic” groups inhabiting the Swiss and Northern Italian areas by analysing the genetic relationship among groups and the genetic structure of groups; 2) estimate the degree of mobility characterizing these populations, and the differences and similarities in mobility (e.g. frequencies of nonlocals, sex and age patterns, long-versus short distance mobility) between them; 3) test for the presence of relationships between mobility, kinship patterns, and social organization in each area, and the possible similarities and differences in social organization between the Swiss and Northern Italian communities. Analytical methods will include the study of ancient DNA (aDNA) and of stable isotopes (δ15N, δ13C, δ34S, δ18O, δ2H), in conjunction with a quantitative analysis of the archaeological evidence.

This project will be the first to apply a multidisciplinary approach to the study of Late Iron Age populations from Continental Europe, and will generate new openly-accessible isotopic and genomic data for future studies on these populations from both sides of the Alps. The results will be disseminated across different target groups by means of: i) scientific papers, international conferences participation and open access data repository for scientists. ii) social networks and media platforms, didactic activities in schools, public conferences and interview/articles in local newspapers for the non-scientist audience.

This research was supported by a Swiss National Science Foundation grant to Marco Milella and Albert Zink (grant number: 10531FL_197103 / 1).

[Fried]

delete

[Fried]

1. lib-40al is most likely Sarmatian.



.

Looks like a mixture of Caucasian, European and Pamiri peoples.

Target: Zayukovo-3_Sarmatian_lib40al_Simul
Distance: 0.0054% / 0.00535385 | R4P
45.7 Lak
28.0 Tajik_Yagnobi
15.8 Karelian
10.5 Irish

Target: Zayukovo-3_Sarmatian_lib40al_Simul
Distance: 0.0128% / 0.01276077 | R2P
62.6 Russia_Afanasievo_son.I3388_son.I3950_brother.I394 9_Simulated
37.4 ARM_Karashamb_LBA


Target: Zayukovo-3_Sarmatian_lib40al_Simul
Distance: 0.0055% / 0.00546647 | R4P
46.4 KAZ_Kangju
28.8 ARM_Lchashen_LBA
17.1 VK2020_SWE_Gotland_VA
7.7 RUS_Darkveti-Meshoko_En

[rozenfeld]

Millennium-old pathogenic Mendelian mutation discovery for multiple osteochondromas from a Gaelic Medieval graveyard

Abstract
Only a limited number of genetic diseases are diagnosable in archaeological individuals and none have had causal mutations identified in genome-wide screens. Two individuals from the Gaelic Irish Medieval burial ground of Ballyhanna, Co. Donegal, showed evidence of bone tumours consistent with the autosomal dominant condition multiple osteochondromas. Genome sequencing of the earlier individual uncovered a missense mutation in the second exon of EXT1, a specific lesion that has been identified in several modern patients. The later individual lacked this but displayed a novel frameshift mutation leading to a premature stop codon and loss of function in the same gene. These molecular confirmations of a paleopathological diagnosis within a single rural ancient context are surprisingly disjunct, given the observation of clusters of this disease in modern isolated populations and a de novo mutation rate of only 10%.

Cases of Mendelian genetic disease have been uncovered in the archaeological record, but diagnosis is restricted to osteologically visible conditions, with more commonly encountered conditions including achondroplasia, multiple epiphyseal dysplasia and Léri-Weill dyschondrosteosis [1].



https://www.nature.com/articles/s41431-022-01219-2

ID Genomic Coverage Sex mtDNA Haplogroup Y Haplogroup Radiocarbon date (Measure A) (2 σ) Radiocarbon date (Measure (2 σ)
Sk331 4.2× XY H13a1a R1b1a1b1a1a2c1a1a1a1a1a3a (SNPs: M207; M343; M269; P312; S245; L21; M222; DF106; DF104; DF105; A259; A260) AD 1158–1260 AD 1031–1211
Sk197 5.1× XY H4a1a2a R1b1a1b1a1a2c1a1a1a1a1a1a (SNPs: M207; M343; M269; P312; S245; L21; M222; DF106; DF104; DF105) AD 689–885 AD 774–975